Presentation Abstract
The Pacific or Great Blue Heron fannini subspecies winters and breeds on Vancouver Island in locations within 5 km of the marine shoreline. Its visibility and close connection to the Salish Sea make it an important flagship species. Due to population concerns and threats associated with urban development, the Province of BC has coordinated monitoring of Great Blue Heron colonies on Vancouver Island and the adjacent Gulf Islands from 1997 through 2015. Starting in 2005, I trained volunteer stewards and technicians to use a standardized methodology to locate and assess heron colonies, count active nests, determine nest success and follow a sample of visible nests to determine productivity of young herons that lived until fledgling age. The data is housed at the BC Conservation Data Centre and provided to local governments and interested parties to support conservation bylaws and urban planning. Each breeding season we assessed between 18 and 37 colonies and analyzed the population variables to provide indications of Pacific Great Blue Heron population viability. Overall colony success rate ranged from a low of 43% in 2008 to 90% in 2010 with an average of 66%. The number of active nests in the study area does not show a significant trend with a mean of 536 + 9 active nests annually. Nest success in sampled nests ranged from a low of 30% in 2005 to 100% in 2015 with an overall average of 65% + 21%. Vennesland and Butler (2008 COSEWIC report) estimated that at least 63% of active nests would need to fledge young to maintain Pacific Great Blue Heron populations which occurred in 9 of 14 years analysed. As well, the average annual productivity on Vancouver Island was 1.4 chicks per sampled nest. In only 2006, 2010 and 2012 the productivity exceeded the 1.9 chicks per nest population maintenance threshold estimated by Henny and Bethers in 1971. Bald Eagle predation on chicks and adults appears to be responsible for lower productivity and nest success and colony failures. Another factor in the annual variation of nesting success appears to be cool wet springs which affect egg production and timing of nesting. Great Blue Heron colonies on Vancouver Island appear to be locating closer to urban centres possibly to deter Bald Eagle predation, but this poses vulnerability to disturbance from noise, tree cutting and various building pressures.
Session Title
General species and food webs
Conference Track
Species and Food Webs
Conference Name
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference (2016 : Vancouver, B.C.)
Document Type
Event
Location
2016SSEC
Type of Presentation
Poster
Genre/Form
presentations (communicative events)
Contributing Repository
Digital content made available by University Archives, Heritage Resources, Western Libraries, Western Washington University.
Subjects – Topical (LCSH)
Great blue heron--Monitoring--British Columbia--Vancouver Island
Geographic Coverage
Vancouver Island (B.C.); Salish Sea (B.C. and Wash.)
Report (unpublished)
GBHE_SalishSeaConference_2016.pdf (77 kB)
Poster Abstract
Rights
This resource is displayed for educational purposes only and may be subject to U.S. and international copyright laws. For more information about rights or obtaining copies of this resource, please contact University Archives, Heritage Resources, Western Libraries, Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA 98225-9103, USA (360-650-7534; heritage.resources@wwu.edu) and refer to the collection name and identifier. Any materials cited must be attributed to the Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference Records, University Archives, Heritage Resources, Western Libraries, Western Washington University.
Type
Text
Language
English
Format
application/pdf
Included in
Fresh Water Studies Commons, Marine Biology Commons, Natural Resources and Conservation Commons
Pacific Great Blue Heron Population Monitoring on Vancouver Island and the Surrounding Gulf Islands
2016SSEC
The Pacific or Great Blue Heron fannini subspecies winters and breeds on Vancouver Island in locations within 5 km of the marine shoreline. Its visibility and close connection to the Salish Sea make it an important flagship species. Due to population concerns and threats associated with urban development, the Province of BC has coordinated monitoring of Great Blue Heron colonies on Vancouver Island and the adjacent Gulf Islands from 1997 through 2015. Starting in 2005, I trained volunteer stewards and technicians to use a standardized methodology to locate and assess heron colonies, count active nests, determine nest success and follow a sample of visible nests to determine productivity of young herons that lived until fledgling age. The data is housed at the BC Conservation Data Centre and provided to local governments and interested parties to support conservation bylaws and urban planning. Each breeding season we assessed between 18 and 37 colonies and analyzed the population variables to provide indications of Pacific Great Blue Heron population viability. Overall colony success rate ranged from a low of 43% in 2008 to 90% in 2010 with an average of 66%. The number of active nests in the study area does not show a significant trend with a mean of 536 + 9 active nests annually. Nest success in sampled nests ranged from a low of 30% in 2005 to 100% in 2015 with an overall average of 65% + 21%. Vennesland and Butler (2008 COSEWIC report) estimated that at least 63% of active nests would need to fledge young to maintain Pacific Great Blue Heron populations which occurred in 9 of 14 years analysed. As well, the average annual productivity on Vancouver Island was 1.4 chicks per sampled nest. In only 2006, 2010 and 2012 the productivity exceeded the 1.9 chicks per nest population maintenance threshold estimated by Henny and Bethers in 1971. Bald Eagle predation on chicks and adults appears to be responsible for lower productivity and nest success and colony failures. Another factor in the annual variation of nesting success appears to be cool wet springs which affect egg production and timing of nesting. Great Blue Heron colonies on Vancouver Island appear to be locating closer to urban centres possibly to deter Bald Eagle predation, but this poses vulnerability to disturbance from noise, tree cutting and various building pressures.
