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Date of Award

Spring 2023

Document Type

Masters Thesis

Department or Program Affiliation

Environmental Studies

Degree Name

Master of Arts (MA)

Department

Environmental Studies

First Advisor

Darby, Kate J.

Second Advisor

Salazar, Debra J.

Third Advisor

MacDonald, Lindsey

Abstract

My thesis delves into the intricate relationship between agriculture, social justice, and ecological sustainability in the United States. I argue that understanding the history of agriculture necessitates examining the systemic inequities embedded within the food system, stemming from discriminatory and ecologically harmful agricultural policies established and perpetuated during the Dust Bowl era. Drawing on a political ecology framework and insights from eco-Marxism, feminist political ecology, and critical environmental justice, this study investigates alternative agricultural practices that challenge the status quo and promote equitable access to land and resources. Using a multi-scalar case study approach focused on Whatcom and Skagit Counties, Washington, the research examines grassroots organizations and farms led by people of color and women, using semi-structured interviews, to capture insights from underserved and minority farmers and organizations dedicated to stewarding land, supporting ecosystems, and supporting a thriving food system. I interviewed 17 (n=17) participants; questions focused on how these entities regenerate soil, foster equity, and promote social justice through their missions. The qualitative data analysis used the research questions as a focus for coding and theme generation. The findings reveal persistent barriers concerning land and resource access, racial inequities, and ongoing disparities in support and technical assistance, disproportionately affecting women and farmers of color, consistent with the findings outlined in the literature review. Additionally, the findings demonstrate the strengths of agricultural alternatives stemming from community support, coalition building, and innovative funding mechanisms. By analyzing the strengths, motivations, barriers, and successes concerning social justice within agricultural alternatives, this study identifies pathways to amplify the voices within the agricultural sector that have the potential to influence overall environmental and community health. I conclude by advocating for opportunities for further research including continued interviews with producers and service providers, to nurture relationships and build trust. By doing so, producers, service providers, advocates and policy makers can address historical injustices and support small-scale, sustainable farming practices, cultivating a more equitable and resilient food system for future generations.

Type

Text

Keywords

Farming, Farmland, Equity, Alternative Agriculture, Policy, Environmental Justice, Political Ecology

Publisher

Western Washington University

OCLC Number

1436036908

Subject – LCSH

Farms--Washington (State)--Whatcom County; Farms--Washington (State)--Skagit County; Alternative agriculture; Environmental justice; Environmental policy

Geographic Coverage

Skagit County (Wash.); Whatcom County (Wash.)

Format

application/pdf

Genre/Form

masters theses

Language

English

Rights

Copying of this document in whole or in part is allowable only for scholarly purposes. It is understood, however, that any copying or publication of this document for commercial purposes, or for financial gain, shall not be allowed without the author’s written permission.

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